Soccer Injures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Soccer Injures - Essay Example Besides soccer being very much enjoyable, this paper tries to put forward the argument that it also injures. The essay explains how soccer as a game is a cause to many diverse injuries and that it is fundamental for it to be realized for the right prevention measures to be employed. The effects of the injuries are also clearly explained that the extent of the injuries caused by soccer may come out clearly. Beside Soccer being an enjoyable sport and with fast growing popularity, many people do not consider the fact that soccer in itself is quite dangerous and can cause injuries both serious and minor. Many people view soccer as a very safe game and very soft, thus, many people who join the sport do not have any anticipation of being injured. Some other people, including players who know that soccer can cause injuries only believe that those injuries can only be mild. They also assume that these injuries can simply be cured by physicians who are present on the field. I figured out that it is important to understand and accept the fact that soccer can cause injuries and thereby it will be easy to take precautions and even prevent some of the injuries. Although it is widely argued that most of the injuries that players get on the field cannot be prevented, since they are not planned for, I believe that once the players know what to expect of the game, they can avoid the injuries, and besi des that, they will also learn how to manage them (Per, Kristian and Kim 1248). Soccer as opposed to the thoughts of many can cause injuries from mild ones to very serious ones and worse off, they can even cause death. I consider all of these together as dangerous. Taking an example of mild injuries, repeated mild injuries can lead to serious problems. One can even end up with a permanent injury because of repeated mild injuries. This can lead to suspension from the game or even termination of one’s career as a soccer

The History Of The Phuket Organization

The History Of The Phuket Organization Part I Phuket or Phuket Island is located on the west coast of the Andaman, part of the Indian Ocean. Phuket is one of most important travel destination of Thailand. It has natural beauty surrounded by the beach and mountains. Features like a powder white sandy beach and the beautiful blue waters known as Pearl of the Andaman Sea. Phuket has all facilities needed, Phuket international airport which is ready to facilitate traveler from all around the world. Nowaday, Phuket is heart of Andaman coast traveling which is waiting for many millions of local and foreign visitor to see it. Phuket, an area approximately 543 square kilometers or 339,375 rai, the province is the 75th largest in the country or second smallest of the country after Samutsongkhram province. However, it is the largest island of Thailand, length of the island from north to south about 48.7 km and the widest measurement from east to west and approximately 21.3 kilometers.Island surrounded by the Andaman Sea with over 30 of large and small islands in its territory. The word Phuket had been distorted from the Malayan BuGit which means mountain and the original use of the word Phukej which in the language of the Tamil people means Glass Mountain is the term used for the Tamil people calls Mani Klam. Besides, Phuket also has other names from the past such as LeamTakoh Jungceylon Silan Thalang and Thungkha etc. Phuket is a long historic city. In the past, formerly part of the Kingdom of Pornlink. Until Sukhothai age, it became a part of Takuapa town. The island had a reputation as a land of rich tin mines because the tin is the most in the country. The prospect of long-excavated over the past 500 years, the city was a small town at Thalang with Thai nobleman stayed and protected interests from trading with foreigner. In addition to mining, the rubber plantations, coconut orchards and fishery were found commonly in the island. Later in the year 2328 meet the reign of King Rama I, a war had caused the army and Myanmar army troops had invaded into the lands west beach in Thailand from Ranong Chumporn Chaiya to Nakhonsrithammarat. While the Bangkoks armies were in battle at Kanchanaburi, cannot move troops to help out right away. Myanmar had hit Takua Pa and Takua city and camped around Thalang city and wait to hit Prachuap. At that time, Phraya Thalang (Phaya Pimon Alya Khan) passed away recently and had not set a new ruler yet. His wife Madam Chan and sister named Muk were gathering troops and inhabitants. Help set up two large camps to protect city. Myanmar troops cant break through the camp, a month passed and no foodstuffs supplied to Myanmar troops and withdraw all troops finally Bravery of them in this was courage and great benefits to the nation. So King Rama the great ordered Royal decoration for the lady Chan as Thao Thepkasattri and Muk as Thao Srisoonthorn It is pride to the citizens of Thalang until today. Later, during the reign of King Rama 5, he gathered the western seaside towns and named as Territory Phukaj and the year 2476 has been canceled territory system then changed to Phuket Province since then. Today, Phuket province is divided into 3 districts named Muang Thalang and Kathu. State its mission, vision and major goals. Mission Statement: Phuket will deliver the best leisure experience as well as the fresh of natural environment. As the center of diversified sanitarium and wellness tourism place, people visit Phuket to escape from confusing life stress or illness and its life can be recovered here. Phuket experiences will bring people back to good Vision Statement: To make Phuket and perimeter province the worlds choice of relax and revitalize Major goals: To drive the strategy of the Phuket province, development goals are set as following 1. Become a center for world-class marine health tourism destination. 2. To raise the quality of life of people and maintains its unique identity of the local culture. 3. Management and utilization of natural resources and environment to keep it balance and sustainable. Analyze challenges and developments in relation to its marketing. Phuket is one of the global most attractive travel destinations for many years and it has been developing in term of facilities, commercial and sightseeing. These are good to facilitate and support the traveler to visit Phuket conveniently. However, the environment of Phuket has been decaying gradually. The famous Pathong beach is crowded by booths shops and people caused dirty and garbage around the length of beach that reduce the beauties of Pathong in nowadays. The rapid change of city also lead the number of criminal and robber increasing in recent year and it has been concerned with the security of traveler both Thai and foreigner. Challenge for development of destination marketing is how to sustain Phuket name in term of its intrinsic beauties with charming culture of Thailand and create more attractive place continuously. The opportunity of developing Phuket to successful travel destination is not only create reputation to single Phuket itself. Group of provinces around Phuket can make attractive places portfolio bigger and various. Development of Phuket in the past, it had been developed along with the group of city side strategically. And link in upper south provinces as well as national and international which can say that Phuket has changed in a certain level. The situation of a growing trend of tourism growth in Asia Pacific continued. Thereby enhancing opportunities for Phuket Using the existing base support various development opportunities that will occur in accordance with the following situation. World-class tourism reputation. Economic growth and significantly increasing of investment in the tourism and healthy and Elderly. Linked to regional and international development (Development of travel industry also improves the standard of local products services and educations). Development of tourism and fishery industry. Government supports strategically. Alert of global environment concern quality of life and sustainable development. To grasp existing chance, Phuket may position itself as health spa or health resort. Forest and beach resource of Phuket are attractive enough for normal travel and it can be developed typically with the development of the whole country but Phuket can differentiate itself and benefit from its natural resources and sightseeing. Revitalize spa or resort that target to people who escape from disorder of metropolitan, stress or in recovering from treatment of sickness can be good story to communicate to target visitors. Solid direction must be set and roadmap should be launched from government sector. Roadmap must gathering idea from entrepreneur around Phuket and provinces around. The group of leading resort and hotel in must be selected and pioneers to the projects as well as other investor who are professional in field of health spa or sanitarium. Explain the destinations marketing strategies. Background Phuket is one of the most famous tourist destinations and has undergone rapid and investment of international healthcare. Phuket can now offer the highest standards of welfare and medical care, blended with Thai hospitality. The principle of the health service with world-class hospitality warm and charming Phuket is conducive to health and wellness destination in the world. There is more to Phuket than its white sand beaches, fantastic bargain shopping, water and land sports and entertainment. Phuket hospitals provide patients access to highly qualified medical personnel. We emphasize that this international accreditation of key factors of success and a guarantee of our commitment to the best of medical services. The rapid changes in our world today lead us to the era thorniest issue. The world has changed, both positively and negatively, and development are most afraid of our humanity is the development of the disease. In short, if I may say, the disease has no barriers; people living anywhere in the world would have the chance to experience any kind of illness or disease. And most of the time, the disease can be cured for the license period. With this belief, Phuket is the best place for medical treatment; we have the edge when it comes to the availability of services. And you found that there was no time to queue or a long wait for medical treatments in Phuket. Situation Analysis In Thailand, health tourism is just in the early stage and trend of growth is vague without any direction from government. However, opportunity of dramatically growth is exist, from many important factors such as attractive resort town, good standard of medical services and lower cost of living. Therefore, global trend of wellness tourism is growing but Thailand is still laggard, big chance to fulfill demand of patient or retire people from developed country. SWOT Analysis Strengths Tourism resources are uniquely beautiful and diverse world-renowned. Appropriate and isolated location. A strong and diverse economic base. The availability of infrastructure and service facilities. Have a unique culture. High standard of wellness and medical services. Low cost of living and medical services expense. Weaknesses Security and tourist exploitation. Participation of citizens and public mind. Control and maintain standards of service. Dependence of foreign workers. Appearance of a natural earthquake risk area the tsunami. Language and Culture Barrier Lack of medical staffs. Opportunities World-class tourism destination. Economic growth and investment in tourism, health and the elderly. Traveling Thailand is strongly support from government sector. Threats Uncertainty of local political situation. Instability of global economic. International terrorism, international conflict and epidemic disease. Obsolete of laws and regulations. Destinations marketing strategies of Phuket could start from its own resources, people and culture. This to set the whole picture of culture and leisure experiences occurs spontaneously. Main strategies Assign strategic tourism of Phuket Pangnga and Krabi. Position and the definition of each provinces must stated obviously and use to communicate to target visitors. Development competitive capabilities of Provinces, defines each one clearly and develop core capability, resources and commitment of local community. Encourage local people to help promote their hometown to visitor. Sponsor local merchant or facilitator doing business at their place rather than move to Bangkok. Recommendations for this destination to pursue in the future. Phuket is normally well known in global travel destination from its quality beach resort and natural sightseeing. Target of bringing health conscious people to take an interest to Phuket is just to boost up communication of new story in health spa and sanitarium for patient and elder. The plan of doing this could be implemented by government and put into national development in tourism sector and keep monitoring the result and success rate among investor. Serious support from Thailand Authority of Tourism (TAT) is needed, new investor or existing player in resort industry may be supported in monetary promotion or tax policy. The uncertainty of local political is one of major obstacle to future and influenced to sustainable development of Phukets destination marketing. Different policy of different political parties may lead the development of Phuket and TAT policy support to the plan out of track. This might extremely influent decision of investor at first as well. Comment on your learning from studying this destination and preparing the project. Major sources of studying this destination are from internet and secondary data collected by TAT. Phuket is one of most interesting Thai travel destination and in focus of many study therefore information are not so difficult to find. The specific type of data to manipulate is the structure of process in government and it support that needed to counted on the project. Data is complex and hard to exactly verify how to get the real direction of organization under any political control. Part II You are requested to draft a NEW strategic plan for the selected case, not to show or analyze the existing one. At least 8 pages Strategic Tourism Business Plan Select tourism products (spa) Do the external environment analysis: -Society (POlitical, Economic, Technology, Socio-culture, International influence) -Task (customer, competitor, supplier, workforce, laws and regulation, shareholder) Do the internal environment analysis: -Structure, culture, resource (organization structure, business owner, shareholder, board of mgt, org culture, staff, techno and appliances) Do the product benchmarking with one competitor Do the product and market positioning: SWOT, segmentation Set the corporate direction (vision, mission, goal, objective) Design/suggest tourism business strategies -(Corporate(growth,stability, retrenchment strategy)/ -Business(promotion mkt, product, priceing, / -Functional Level Strategies(HRM) ) Six Senses Destination Spas are dedicated to transforming the lifestyle of its guests through a complete immersion into healthy and mindful living. They offer structured and personalized programmes that blend holistic fitness activities, organic fishetarian and raw foods cuisine, wellness education, self-discovery classes, relaxation and renewal. Preventative wellness is a fundamental component, combined with sound nutritional and naturopathic knowledge, which provides guests with the ability to consciously support their health and longevity, overcome and alleviate stress, and live a more healthful life, www.sixsenses.com/Six-Senses-Destination-Spas/index.php. Six Senses Destination Spas is located in Karon beach where the sand is white and clear view of seaside while slightly people have water activities around because it is danger zone of windy and high level of sea wave. The goals of the company are first to be profitable and introduce healthy course and program that is effective and create buzz among group of health conscious people which help create spa brand recognition. Vision Become leading combination on medical and beauty spa to meet the needs of clients in health and beauty by merging the Thai traditional know-how and modern medical innovation by the year 2015. Mission Set new standard of value added spa by blending folk wisdom together with modern science of treatment and science of beauty with professional medical team to increase customer satisfaction. Total solution of healing and treatment will be the top of program that prospects customer looking for not only local customer but also in global market. Objective To create a unique Thai spa massage and special therapist for global market. Report more than 10 million sales revenues by end of first year. Maintain average 25% of profit after tax after 2 years of operation. Maintain client return rate not less than 60% at the end of second year. Become very first choice of destination spa among potential target by end of first year. External environment analysis OPPORTONITIES The distinctive traditional Thai massage and the outstanding Thai hospitality presented through the well-trained therapists As for the government, it has been doing its utmost in promoting Thai spas. For example, Thailand is scheduled to hold ISPA Asia Pacific Conference Exhibitions in 2006, which, according to Watchara Phannachet, Deputy Minister of Industry, will be beneficial to the economy in general. Moreover, the government has provided training to personnel in the spa industry to enhance the standards of Thai spas. The Thai Spa Association and the Thai Spa Operators Association were set up to bring together all those involved in the local spa industry to steer Thai spas in the same direction, http://www.thaispaassociation.com/ In 2004 the Thai government implemented a policy to develop Thailand into a health service centre. The strategy is to make Thailand the centre for health services in Asia by the year 2010. With the Thai governments promotion of Thailand as the Healthcare hub of Asia, and Tourism Capital of Asia the future outlook for the Thai tourism industry seems promising. The continuous increasing number of visitors and the growing demand for health related treatments, it is anticipated that Thailand is a potential market for Danish suppliers of equipments, products and accessories for the hotel, spa and health related sectors. As people decide to change their habits and pursue healthier lifestyles because Higher rates of heart disease, increases in the incidence of cancer, record numbers of clinically obese people, and various other health scares have all drawn attention to the need for healthy lifestyle choices. Additionally, as modern medicine has progressed, doctors and scientists have greatly expanded their knowledge of the human body, exposing many health risks that were previously unknown. One-hundred years ago, doctors touted excessive sun exposure as beneficial, and heroin/cocaine combo sets, complete with syringes and needles, were sold in department stores. It is now common knowledge that too much sun can cause skin cancer, smoking can bring on any number of painful deaths, and eating a bit too much ice cream can pack on the pounds, increasing the risk of diabetes and heart disease. Last 1-2 years ago, most of spa businesses were open in hotels and resorts. This caused consumers some inconvenience to receive service and services fees of spa located in hotel or resorts are relatively higher than stand alone spa in the similar standard and quality. From premium price of spa in hotel forces those to focus on only hi end segment of customers. Therefore, stand-alone spa business which can offer high quality and charge at medium or medium high can fulfill large demand on the market. There are approximately 40% annual growths from a space of market conditions, most of which are open for not super premium like offering in resort and hotel. Support from government is also in form of source of funding which easier than in the past and cost of finance is decreasing from the trend of global interest rate. THREATS The intense competition in the market, data from 585 spas operating in Thailand state that 51% were day spas and 49% were destination spas co-located with accommodation. In the first stage of spa operation in Thailand, it is always available in major hotels and resorts but spa business is highly popular among consumers in recent day. Enabling the investors and entrepreneurs to start businesses as stand-alone and this kind of spa are increasing everywhere in Thailand leads to high level of competition. And substitute of spa products that help relieve stress, or healthy are also abundant. Generally, consumers can find products or services likes a fitness center in office buildings stand-alone or even in retail center, massage services are plentifully available in common commercial building. Other substitute is activities which people can join with no cost likes aerobic, running or bicycling in Public Park. Consumers have many choices in selecting the service by certain activities, those can be done without cost or very cheap to pay and people can access this kind of activity easier than spa in additional. A newcomer in the spa industry is medical spas. The primary purpose with medical spas is to provide comprehensive and complimentary therapies and treatments. Treatments primarily offered by medical spas are laser surgery, colon therapy, weight control, and various diagnostic packages aimed at analyzing ones individual health situation. Problems perceived by the tourists as medical spa may only be using the old science of treating diseases such as Treatment with acupuncture actually, the Spa will not only do that. It is very meaningful medical spas Investment and operating cost factor, the most recent import figures are collected during 2004, where 80% of the medical and health related equipment was imported. The main suppliers are USA with 40 percent of the total exports, followed by Japan (17 percent), Germany (14 percent) and UK (7 percent). In 2004 the Thai medical equipment market was worth approximately USD 371 million (Baht 14,270 million or DKK 2,261 billion). With positive expectations for the healthcare sector it can only be assumed that the value of the equipment market increases considerably in the future. Bargaining power of suppliers of products used in spa services is also rather high. Products such as heat and bowl system Jacuzzi sauna and steam room are mainly component in spa business but this group of products is needed to supply from international vendor then import through few local distributors. So this problem can flatten choice of quality product for a small business operator or new comer, http://www.wikinvest.com/concept/Health_%26_Wellness Internal factors analysis STRENGTHS Results-orientated approach is the way Six Senses Destination Spas proved to customer. After customers experience our program, they trend to invite friends or relatives to try too. This is the way to sustaining existing customers and attracting new customer to the business. A well-researched of each Thai traditional program to make sure the benefit and avoid negative affect possibly happened to customers. This to prevent unexpected negative result and also enhance product development dimension of Six Senses Destination Spas, long-term focusing. Experiences and good attitudes of staffs recruited is crucial, not only giving intensive training to new staffs and periodically training to update existing staffs for long term development but also looking for new staffs who are ready with experiences and attitudes toward spa services. WEAKNESSES High operation cost associated with spa components, equipment maintenance and payroll which reflect capability of both operation staffs and medical staffs. However, Six Senses Destination Spas cant avoid these kinds of cost because it will keep the business on top among other spa operators in the industry. The capability to services in limited volume of customers. As the need of highly trained staff and specific equipments, limitation to number of services offering daily may not flexible enough if demand of Six Senses Destination Spas increase too quickly. Limited area coverage. As planned to locate on Karon beach area, coverage area of business that customers may looking for accommodation or resort around our place as well. Product benchmarking with major competitor The main competitor who is offering luxurious range of beauty and health spa service in our sight is Lets Relax Spa. Lets Relax day spa was established year 1998 in Chiang Mai City. As we continue our excellent services, our valued clients tremendously spread the news of our exceptional services of our professional therapists. Therefore, as part of our gratitude, we make it a point to grow each day to serve you better and to suit your every need from treatments to branches. Lets Relax now has 6 day spas conveniently located throughout the kingdom, Chiang Mai, Pattaya, Phuket and Bangkok. www.letsrelaxspa.com/index.php?p=aboutus Strengths of the above services are offered: the proximity of the service of luxurious spa chain, prime location (Bangkok, Chiangmai, Pataya and Phuket) and name recognition. The weaknesses of these competitors are the general lack of promotion and penetration in international market. Our competitive advantage is wide open, and gives us the opportunity to service a large population that is not currently well served. When you include our service works energy. Competitive Profile Matrix (CPM) to reveal the competitive dimension of Six Senses and Lets Relax Product and market positioning Six Senses Destination Spas will automatically position itself as one of the best health spa in Phuket and Thailand southern area as well as among global spa arena. Bearing in mind that none of the other competitors can offer exact range of services we will, or that their staffs can be capable and trained like ours, and there are no health salons of our kind in the area, we will be able to provide services to some of Phuket population are not being exploited. There are no exact competitors, and some nearby competitors in Phuket and its perimeter. Six Senses Destination Spas also have corporate due with premium travel agency and higher grade credit card issuer. Market Segmentation Our target market will be divided by beauty spa and health spa. Beauty spa customers will be all ages and sexes, since health spa is relatively associated with specific group of customer especially elders. We anticipate that the beauty spa salon will also affect health salon happen in the same way. Thusly, our target market segments will be male and female professionals and retirees, age from 28 years, with individual incomes above THB 60,000 or household income above THB 200,000. Design/suggest tourism business strategies Business and marketing strategy Main strategies 1. Focusing on brand awareness by using advertising. 2. Facilitate customers to access our place by building network and transportation from major location in Phuket. 3. Building community relationships and word of mouth through the unique service and quality, friendly and supportive, and to establish the absolute reliability of our services. Promotion Strategies Our promotion strategy has two components Promotion of the first phase will focus on advertising, during and six months after our opening. Advertising in second phase will focus on all integrated communication and advertising in the long term and maintain awareness of brand and keep feel of top health spa in one of the best destination of the world. First phase Advertisement We will use local newspapers, local radio and magazines of social health, local, local television, mailings to all households in the immediate five mile radius, and mailings to all local affairs to premium wellness database. Internet Selective with related content website and our alliances will be used to penetrate international target customers. Alliances Services profile of Six Senses Destination Spas will be placed on our alliances resort hotel and hospital. Some real premium travel agency will be offered with our privileged services to its customers. Second phase Advertisement We will continue to place advertisements in local social and health magazines this year. Mail-outs will be done again to both our customers and follow database a year later after the opening. Radio and television will be when we have special sales in the most stressful times of the year. Television ads are not certain, we will evaluate effectiveness before implementing other case by case. Internet We will continue to have a comprehensive website. After six months, and certainly after the first year, we will evaluate the viability of having the target clients of advertising on our site, and vice versa, we will evaluate the viability of advertising on the target customers of our websites (if applicable). Social network such as facebook and twitter will be implemented after a year or when we have build customers base to create connectivity among experienced customers and this might form and spread out our reputation of services to the network easier. Alliances This type of advertising will be done as soon as we have grown beyond our threshold of profitability. We will also form alliances with an advertising company with whom we share common business objectives. We will also implement mutual benefits with our neighbors and restaurant business that will contribute to the local visibility. Advertising promotions with some restaurants will also be discussed.

Free Catcher in the Rye Essays: Confused Holden :: Catcher Rye Essays

The Catcher in the Rye Essay: Confused Holden J. D. Salinger presents an image of an atypical adolescent boy in The Catcher in the Rye. Holden is much more than a troubled teen going through "a phase." Indeed Holden is a very special boy with special needs. He doesn’t understand and doesn’t wish to understand the world around him. In fact most of the book details his guilty admissions of all the knowledge he knows but wishes he didn’t. Though his innocence regarding issues of school, money, and sexuality has already been lost, he still hopes to protect others from knowing about these adult subjects. Holden, unlike the usual fictional teenager, doesn’t express normal rebellion. He distrusts his teachers and parents not because he wants to separate himself from them, but because he can’t understand them. In fact there is little in the world that he does understand. The only people he trusts and respects are Allie, his deceased brother, and Phoebe, his younger sister. Everyone else is a phony of some sort. Holden uses the word phony to identify everything in the world which he rejects. He rejects his roommate Stradlater because Stradlater doesn’t value the memories so dear to Holden (Allie’s baseball glove and Jane’s kings in the back row). Even Ernie, the piano player, is phony because he’s too skillful. Holden automatically associates skill with arrogance (from past experiences no doubt) and thus can’t separate the two. Even Holden’s most trusted teacher, Mr. Antolini, proves to be a phony when he attempts to fondle Holden. Thus the poor boy is left with a cluster of memories, some good but most bad. Yet because of these memories, Holden has developed the unique ability to speak candidly (though not articulately) about the people he meets. Though he seems very skeptical about the world, he is really just bewildered. His vocabulary often makes him seem hard, but in fact he is a very weak-willed individual. Holden has no concept of pain, and often likes to see himself as a martyr for a worthy cause. This is proven after the fight with Maurice, after which he imagines his guts spilling out on the floor. The end of the book demonstrates significant growth on the part of Holden. Although at first Holden is quick to condemn those around him as phony (like Stradlater and Ackley), his more recent encounters with others prove that he is becoming more tolerant and less judgmental.

Arya Samaj

CHAPTER-III THE ARYA SAMAJ AS A MOVEMENT Every religious movement aims at not only initiating a spiritual awakening but also reforming the contemporary society by trying to remove ignorance,superstitions,doubts and dogmas from the minds of people,thus ushering in a new kind of religious renaissance. In this respect,the Arya Samaj,as a religious movement,did not fall far behind,as it made a dynamic impact upon the Indians,forming a interesting and conspicuous chapter in the modern Hindu thought.Through the preaching of Vedic ideals,it succeeded to a great extent,in reforming the then Indian society,inculcating in the people the moral values of life. In this chapter,we shall attempt to throw light on how the Arya Samaj as a movement was able to achieve its desired goalof revitalising the Indians from their stupor of lethargy and ignorance,initiating them to learn the invaluable greatness of the Vedic ideals and making them understand and accept these ideals as a way of life.To be preci se,the Arya Samaj tried its best to remove the social ills such as untouchability,cow-slaughter,forced widowhood,child-marriage and bringing above reforms through female educastion,permission for going abroad for higher learning,reconversion to Hinduism,and many other philanthropic work to inject a new life and vigour into the then morbid socio-religious enviromentof the Indian society. The major thrust of the movement was in the field of religion. The religious scene among the Hindus in the nineteenth century had become morbid.Many religious beliefs and practices prevailed among the Hindu society which were not an essential inseparable part of true Hinduism. The puranik Hinduism had practically usurpesd the rightful place of the Vedas and the Upanishads. Hinduism had evolved many sects like Saivism,Vaisnavism,Saktism,Tantrism,the Swaminarayan and others. Religion degenerated intothe performance of religious worship of idol and rigid rituals and its spiritualism began to be clouded and confused.Religion began to be equated with temple going ,the observance of shradha ceremony,pilgrimage to the holy places,observance of vratas and fasts in the expectation of fantastic earthly rewards,and beliefs in astrology. They did not know much about their holy books. They believed that anything written in Sanskrit was sacred. They often read books in Sanskrit which were not really good,only a few of them read Gita which was supposed to be composed by Lord Krishna:some read the Ramayana and the Mahabharata,the two great epics of India;but very few of them knew anything about the four Vedas,the sacred books of Hindus.As a matter of fact the so called religious leaders of Hinduism,the members of the preistly class,upported by the pandits of Banaras,were interested in keeping the established order of things unchanged,as it brought them pecuinary gains and rewards in the form of charity and religious fees. Apart from the internal disease in the form of priestly domination,there were Christian missionaries,who with the tactit backing of European officials,were reaping a rich harvest by the religious conversions of the lower classes of Hindus.In the religious sphere,the Arya Samaj has vigorously campainged for the freedom of thought. Earlier all the words uttered by a Holy person were regarded as authoritative. None dared to criticise the interpolated Sanskrit verses and non-Vedic teachings of the orthodox schools. It was the Arya Samaj that revolutionised the religious thought and ideas of the people. The Arya Samaj taught the people to think rationally. They were asked to determine the value of a percept in terms of the degree of truth it contained. They were urged to use their intellect and to reason out things for themselves before accepting them.The scientific truths and the laws that govern nature were given their rightful place in religion. Dayananda wasd inspired by his Vedic knowledge and his deeo study of the Shastras to reform Hinduism and make i t free all vices. He was of the opinion that in order to appreciate religious truth in its proper perspective,one should absolutely be free from prejudices and superstitions. He was of the view that human beings had the capacity to follow the path of truth which was the essence of religion, but were prevented from so doing by selfishness,ego,greed and avarice.The Arya Samaj is not a new religion. It preaches the doctrines of the Vedas revealed to mankind by God in the beginning of the universe. It attemps at rehabilitating and reviving the Vedic truths which mankind had forgotten through ignorance and the advent of puranic literature, which blurred our vision and sent the vedic culture into the background. The Arya Samaj has dug out the Vedas down from the debris of the puranas,and installed them on the high pedestal of morality and infallibility they deserve. The Arta Samaj teaches the unity and oneness of God,the brotherhood pf God:the conception f the God head-given in the vedas is the loftiest. It is this conception which the Arya Samaj has put forth before the world. It does not believe in idol worship,reincarnation of God,shradhas,satisfaction of the departed souls by offerings in their name. It believes in the transmigration of the souls and the beginningless and endlessness of God,soul and matter. It believes in the return of the soulin the form of Mukti,a state of beautitude and immense happiness for a long period. There is no place in the Arya Samaj for the hereditary priest or for an ecclesiastical authority over the people.It does not accept the innumerable rituals and ceremonies which choke the spirit and mock the religion. They interpreted the Vedas to justify the puranic mythology and thus they tried to give the present degenerate popular Hindu religion a Vedic sanction. Dayananda tried to interpret the Vedas on the basis of original texts without being influenced by the works of the commentators of the later age. In the book Satyarth Prakash Sw ami Dayananda tries to establish the thesis that the Vedic religion was absolutely monotheistic in nature.In the Vedas there are hymns which assert the unity of God. In the words of Benjamin Walker,â€Å"Whereas Rammohan Roy had been attracted by the Upanishads and Vivekananda by the Vedanta,Dayananda went straight to the source of both these systems,the Vedas. He regarded the Vedas as the eternal,inaffiable,perfect and complete revelation of God,given to the world one hundred billion years ago. †Rishi Aurobindo accepts that,â€Å"There is then nothing fantastic in Dayananda’s idea that Veda contains truth of science as well as truth of religion. †Lastly Rishi Aurobindo says:Dayananda will be honored as the first who discovered the right clues,amidst the chaos and obscurity of ignorance and age-long misunderstanding. His was the eye of direct vision that pierced to the truth and fastened on that which was essential. He found the keys of the doors that time had c losed and rent asunder the seals of the imprisoned fountains. His lion like roaring voice ‘Back to Vedas’ appealed highly to the contemporary Indian sensitibility groping since long In the dark. It was the origin of this Arya Dharma advancing with the motto:- We are Aryans’and our religion is ‘Veda’ ‘Om’ is our God and Truth the duty. We would establish the Arya Samaja’s’ i. e the societies of the noble men,throughout The world and teach all and sundry to practice all the true principles of course,having practiced them first ourselves. The Arya Samaj is nort a religious sect as it does not believe in the human representation of God in the form of prophet,mediator or savior or Avatar(incarnation). Every man is directly connected with the supreme being and the worship of God means the holding of direct spiritual communion with Him.Thus the Arya Samaj is deadly against all kinds of fetish-worship,idolatory,image-worship,tree-w orship,river-worship,mountain-worship,star-worship,cow-worship,bird-worship or even man-worship. The worshiper’s heart is the real temple of God,and meditation on the attributes of God is the true worship. Swami Dayananda has prescribed a simple mode of worship called prarthana or prayer consisting of eight Veda mantras and sandhya or worship which consists o the recitation of some Vedic mantras which speak of the attributes of God and seeking His blessings of one’s efforts. It included yogic pranayam,that is the breath exercise.All this does not take more than 15 to 20 mins a day. In the last quarter of the nineteenth century,the Arya Samaj movement was perhaps the most powerful of socio-revival movements,which gave a new,more dynamic and concrete dimension to the social and religious regeneration movement in the country. The Arya Samaj has had a greater dynamic impact on Indians over several generations than any other religious or social reform movement has in modern times. It is the most conspicuous movement of the tim,es and one of the most important and interesting chapters of modern Hindu thought.Not only did it want to bring about spiritual regeneration of India by purifying Hindu religion and Indian society,but also it tried to reestablish the pristine glory of Vedas and the Vedic religion. It was a crusade against socio-religious superstitions and prejudices like idolatory,child-marriage,rituals,etc,it upheld supremacy and the infallibility of the Vedas and the vedic knowledge. It was a part of the nineteenth century renaissance movement,that believed in Hindu revivalism and back to the Vedas was its call to the people. A number of social thoughts and practices were operating as erious obstacles to the growth and development of the nation’s economy and traditions;to the state of ridicule and scorn of the western educated men and women. Some of these social evils were :untouchability,child-marriage,enforced widowhood,the denial of equality to women in religions and education,the ban on crossing the seas,the forced extravagance on marriage and death events,the compulsory use of fireworks in the public,the dowry system,the barter system in girls marraige and several other social ills,the Hindu society of the period suffered.These evil customs were regarded as ordained by God and,therefore,they were as inseparable essential part of Hinduism. The Arya Samaj struggled hard to cure the society of this malady and make it socially healthy and culturally strong. Its contribution in the social fiels was so singular and distinct that even if it had done nothing else,it would still have a place of pioneer in the social reformation movement of this period. It aimed at establishing a universal religion and purifying the Indian society of its evils.Lala Lajpat Rai says:The social ideals of the Arya Samaj are the ideals of the ancient Rishis of India. They were based on :- (1) The father of God and the brotherhood of men. (2 ) The equality of sexes. (3) Absolute justice and fair play between men and men and nations and nations. Equal oppurtunities to all according to their nature,karma and merit. (4) Love and charity towards all. The stigma that had darkened the name of the Hindu was the practice of untouchability,which was an off-shoot of the pernicious caste system. Dayananda had farsighted vision to see that the caste is the greater curse on India.Based on a wrong interpretation of the well known purushsa-sukta,it had been working for the disruption of the Hindu society. Dayanada first thought to exorcise the obnoxious spell of untouchability. He vehemently opposed the practice of untouchability and worked for the upliftment of the oppressed and the so-called low castes of the society. Dayananda quoted the Vedas to prove that the varna of a person was determined by his character,good deeds and his sanskar. Truthfulness,self-sacrifice,knowledge of God and the Vedas can enable a sudra to enter into a h igher varna.Similarly,due to bad conduct,evil deeds,selfishness,a person belonging to the higher varna,may be degraded to a lower one in the social hierarchy. A person may be born of Brahmin parents,but he may become a sudra if he acts like one. Swami Dayananda preached the equality of mankind. He did not believe in any kind of distinctions between high and the low,the high-caste and the low-caste. He taught the people to love one another and root out all thoughts of hate from the heart. Love was highest religion. One could win over enemies by Love.Nut Love should not be confined to Human beings;even animals should be loved. It was cruel to inflict any kind of pain to them. The temples of the Arya Samaj are ever open to all the depressed classes. Many missionaries sacrificed their lives to secure equal social and religious status for the so called untouchables. They were not only declared for the first time eligible to study Sanskrit and the Vedas,but many of them became the preache rs and teachers of Vedas in the Aryan Samaj. In many Arya Samaj temples there were preists who were born in the tso called untouchables castes.They now performed sacramental rituals such as marriage,sacred thread ceremonial havans and other rituals,which were formerly performed exclusively by Brahamans. The Arya Samaj took up the cudgels for the people of the Hindu society,who were the victims of the then prevailing social ills as of child marriage and old marriage resulting in increased number of young widows,women who were ignorant of the world around them and they had turned widows at a tender age. The young widow’s life was intolerable in the Hindu society.She was held responsible for all the misfortune of the family and was treated worse than a servant. Generally she was not allowed to marry again,and sometimes she was forced to burn herself to death with her husband. Swami Dayananda began his tirade in favour of wodow-remarraige and favoured the institution of Niyoga,as Niyoga was in vogue in ancient times. In 1856,Pt Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar’s praise-worthy advocacy was successful in getting the widow-remarriage Act passed. But it was rotting in the shelves of the lawyers as public prejudices were too strong to drive benefits from the law.The Arya Samaj took the masses and succeeded in popularizing widow-remarraige. In bringing out reforms to the life to these young widows Sir Gangaram Trust has done a notable work. The trust has opened many Vidhwa-Ashrams in the northeren parts of India. Thousands of widows for whom life was truly a living hell were leading a pourposeful and meaningful lives under the roofs of these Ashrams. Today,of course,marriage of the widows has become an acceptable fact in the Hindu society. Another evil was the child marriage and the Arya Samaj did not leg behindin its attempts to remove this social evil.Child-marriage was introduced into the Hindu society when the hordes of invaders began to pour into India at abo ut the beginning of the Christian era,and the honour and chastity of women became unsafe. The Arya Samaj carried on a velement crusade against this institution,and may be congratulated on the success it has met with in rallying public opinion in favour of its view. As regards the age of marriage,Swami Dayananda says in the 4th chapter of the Satya Prakashâ€Å"the best time of for the marriage of girls is from sixteen to twenty-four years of age.The lo0west age for a girls for marriage is sixteen and for a man twenty-five. †He was aware of the evil if after impacts of child marriage,hence he suggested that there should be legislation to stop this evil practice. Social legislations sponsored by the Arya Samajists were passed as Acts in the central legislature. The Child Marriage Act known designed by prominent Arya Samajist were milestones on the road of the Indian Society. In the nineteenth century,among the orthodox Hindu,there was a strong prejudice against the education of girls.They thought they should not be sent to school,as they believed that if women learnt to read and write they would come to grief and as a result they were married illiterate. The old saying was accepted Stei-Shudras-Nadhiyetam which meant women and low castes should never be taught. The custom of child marriage erected further barrier to the education of girls. Swami Dayananda pleaded for the equality of men and women and laid emphasis on the education for girls. He argued that an uneducated wife will be a liability to her husband and will also fail to discharge the real duties of a mother.He condemned the economic and social injustice to which women were subjected. 50 years ago,all female education was under the direct management of the Arya Samaj. The Arya Samaj educational institutions were the first to open special and separate institutions for girls,where they were taught Sanskrit and Vedas,for which they were not eligible according to the orthodox Hindus. Besides learnin g Sankrit and Vedas,girls were declared entitled to wear the sacred thread like the boys. Noe female education has become so common that the people of his generation can’t imagine what formidable opposition Arya Samaj had to encounter even for such a simple thing ,as it now appears. Then also an unhealthy system was in full force which forbade the women to expose their face to the view of the males. as a result her face,was kept practically covered both indoors and outdoors during the day. Hence the Arya Samaj tried its best to remove the purdah system,following the line of the great ancient Indian tradition. In the nineteenth century,for some reason,the orthodox Hinduism had turned its head resolutely against the indulgence of foreign travel by its members.Crossing a sea outside the country was considered to be a veritable sin,the dire consequences for which was the out-casting of such culprits. This tended to cut off the contact of the Hindus with the outside world which ma de their thoughts and practices in various fielsd of life-culture,religion,social educational and politics narrow and stale. Dayananda’s repudiation of the Hindu taboo against foreign travel was also motivated with similar concern for the welfare of the and the prosperity of the country.Rejecting the popular Hindu belief that to go abroad is aginst Hindu religion,he said: This is all nonsense and propagated by ignorant and foolish people. Formerly people Aryavarta(India) used to go outside country for trade,state affairs and even as tourists,Now-a-days the fear of losing caste and religion is wrongly spread. Those who do not hesitate to visit different countries and Islands come in contact with different kinds of people and learn their customs and ways of living thus help the progress and better relations of their country.They develop fearlessness and bravery. They adopt whatever is good in other countries and shun what is not good and thus achieve prosperity. Another,bold st ep undertaken by the Arya Samaj was to initiate the process of reconversion to Hinduism despite the stiff resisitance of the orthodox religionists. Vedic religion is meant for all,it is universal in its teachings thus the Arya Samaj opens the door of the Vedic Dharma to all non-Hindus,to-what-so ever religion they may belong. For centuries the Hindus have been the victimsof religious fantacism and proselytization by Muslim and Christian preachers.In the Shuddhi Movement,Maharshi Dayananda introduced one revolutionary item in the programme of the Arya Samaj. He believed that ‘lost’Hindus,that is the Hindus converted to other religions,should be brought back within the process known as the Shuddhi Movement. With Vedic liberalism and rationalism,he believed that the door of Hinduism should not remain closed to those who once had left it for some reason or other. In the years before World War I Shuddhi campaign was conducted among various untouchable groups in the northwest :On June 23,1911 at Allahabad,the all India Shuddhi Sabha was founded by Ram Bhaj Dutta.The Arya Samaj had developed Shuddhi as a weapon of defence fom the conversion threaht posed by both Christianity and Islam. Keeping in line the sentiment of the Hindus,the Arya Samaj also took up the cause of the protection of the cows. ’Goraksha’ or protection of the cow was an integral part of Swami Dayananda’s teachings and work. He was the first great man who raised his voice against cow-slaughter. Wherever he went,he vigorously preached against it,not on religious grounds,but for purely utilitarian,humanitarian and economic considerations.It is because cow’s milk is so essential for the sustenance and the well-being for human life physically,intellectually,mentally and spiritually that he so strongly pleaded for cow protection and condemned their slaughter. He appealed to high British administrative officials wherever he met them,for instance,at Ajmer to Col. Bro oke,the Agent Governor for Rajputana,at Farukhabad to Mr. Muri Lt. Governor of the Northwest province to abolish the slaughter of cows explaining to them the material benefits the cow yields to mankind.Later,he wrote ‘Gokaunanudhi’,fully showing the harm that the slaughter of cows was doing,and recounting the benefits that man derived from the cows. He even preached a memorial to ne signed by two or three crores of people from all over the country including the Indian Princes,to be submitted to Queen Victoria and the British Parliament asking for the abolition of cow slaughter in India. Lakhs of signatures were obtained those of several ruling princes such as their Highness Moharana of udaipur,Maharaja of Jodhpur and Maharaja of Bundi.His premature death,however,put a stop to the movement. In India,the land of Gods,because of their innocence and implicit faith in the supernatural,the people were victims of a number of superstitions. People believed in planetary influenc e like astrolgy,omens,evil spirits and ghosts. They tried to satisfy the deities for the fullfilment of their desires and believed in miracles. The Arya Samaj is the institution which strove hard to fight against the superstitions in India and abroad. Superstitious beliefs are responsible for the degradation of a nation.Untill and unless these beliefs are not wiped out no nation can progress. Arya Samaj deserves credit for this revolutionary action. It will be curious to note that even the Bhagabat Purana deprecates superstitious beliefs and hypocrisy. The Arya Samaj was the first body to denounce these malpractrices. The Arya Samaj engages in philanthropic work on a large scale. Outside Christian circle it was the first purely Indian Association to organize orphanages and widow homes. The first Hindu orphanage was established in Ferozepur,on Punjab in the lifetime of the founder of the Samaj.It still retains its position as the premier Hindu orphanage in India,has splendid ans comm odius buildings,all erected by private charity,and maintains schools and workshops for the training of boys and girls,There are a number of other orphanages on similar lines in Northern India,controlled by the Arya Samaj;besides these,many Hindu institutions and orphanages apread over India bear the impress and influence of the Arya Samaj. The Arya Samaj has also organised relief in the times of distress caused by natural calamities like famine,flood and earthquake. During the famine of 1897-98,1900,1902,1907-08.The Arya Samaj provided reliefs to the people affected by the calamities in effected areas in India. It was a very commendable service rendered by the Arya Samaj in organising reliefs operations for the famine stricken people. An important episode in the history of the Arya Samaj concerns its educational programme. In the 19th century India had come under the british rule and the conduct with the west began in a direct and more powerful and effective way. The social renaissa nce movement in the country opened up new vistas inder the impact of the spread of western education.There was introduction of English education in India. Indian youths lost their cultural moorings and national pride about glorious ancient cultural heritage. Though in body and colour of their skin,they remained Indians,yet in everything else;in dress,in mode of living,in opinion,in habits,in manners,in values,in attitude they became Englishmen,Disintegration set in,communalism went deep into the Indian mind and education didn’t help for the enlightenment,character,social change,national integration,but it became a tool for getting jobs as clerks in government offices or as subordinate

Kitchen Remodeling

Kitchen Remodeling Network Diagram Critical Analysis Boston University OL MET AD 642 Art & Science of Project Management Week 3. 2 – Network for Party Project Abstract This article examines the Critical Path, Slack, and sequencing of activities for the Kitchen Remodeling Project. It furthers the discussion on whether adding additional slack helps set realistic goals or proves detrimental to the progress of the project. A detailed analysis is also provided on the relationship between the Critical Path and Slack.I created a Network Diagram for my Personal Kitchen Remodeling Project. During the creation of my Network Diagram, I ran into the issue of having too many activities to sequence. Accommodating granular detail on the Network Diagram became unmanageable, especially for not using Microsoft Project. For example, in the WBS, I broke down the node ‘Secure Workers’ into different skill set (Carpenter, Electrician etc). I simplified this into one activity labeled â €Å"Secure Workers† and identified predecessors and successors.I also consolidated installation of appliance into a single node and assigned it a number of days in totality. The total project duration on the Critical Path came out to 83 days on the forward pass, starting at day 0. Backward pass was calculated using customer’s expected completion time of 73 days. The Critical Path, with the longest path and shortest time fell on the path with the least amount of slack equating to -10 days. This means that to meet the customer’s expected completion date, the project would have to start 10 days in advance of the currently scheduled start date.If the project cannot start in advance, activity duration on the Critical Path would need to be adjusted in order to meet the customer’s expectations. The key take away from this assignment was that all activities on the Critical Path always have the same Slack, -10 in this example. After much contemplation, I understoo d this is for when the Latest Finish is moved forward, all activities on the Critical Path require adjustment by the different between the Latest Finish and Earliest finish of the last activity on the Critical Path.Completion of the Critical Path made me question how the PM would know whether the least amount of slack on the Critical Path is sufficient to complete the project on time, while maintaining quality. Ideally, every PM wants to finish the project at the earliest date possible, but adequate time allocation for each activity and in between activity sounds just as crucial. A Project Management Institute article comments that small buffers should be added in between activities and parallel work for resources committed to the critical path should be avoided.To stay ahead, there may be the urge to start all activities as soon as possible, this could be detrimental to the progress in the long run. â€Å"To the extent possible, avoid having the same people work on the parallel ac tivities is one of the tenants of critical chain project management. This means restraint in starting activities. Small buffers at the end of ‘feeding chains’ merging with deterministic critical path minimize risk of project delays. † (Schuyler, 2000) The reality is that there is never a comfortable amount of slack available for any activity on the critical path.As a new PM, I’m likely to believe that adding enough buffer time would alleviate pressure and help set reasonable targets. To which PMI annotates, â€Å"The core theme in critical chain project management is to avoid wasting slack. The reality is that there isn’t a confident amount of slack available to waste. Focusing on project values provides a better perspective for making decisions. † (Schuyler, 2000) References John Schuyler, PMP, (March 2000). Optimizing Project Plan Decision. PM Network. pp. 65-69.